Browse Category: Philadelphia

The History of the Morris Arboretum

I’ve been visiting the Morris Arboretum & Gardens in the bucolic Chestnut Hill neighborhood of Philadelphia pretty often, having bought an annual membership. Not only is is a beautiful and historic arboretum, but the brother and sister who founded it, John Thompson Morris (1847-1915) and Lydia Thompson Morris (1849-1932), were first cousins to my great great grandfather, James Wilson Morris, so I have a family connection. The Morris Arboretum is also the official arboretum of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.

My great great grandfather, James Morris, 1888
Lydia Morris on the porch of Compton (the Morris’ home)
with dog, around 1890. Photo courtesy of the Morris Arboretum archives.
John Morris, around 1880. Photo courtesy of the Morris Arboretum archives.

The Morris Arboretum & Gardens began as Compton, the private estate of the siblings. John and Lydia had purchased farmland in the Chestnut Hill area of Philadelphia in 1887 and began planning a garden that would combine art and science and preserve various trees, flowers, and other flora.

Compton in the 1930s. Photo courtesy of the Morris Arboretum archives.

The land was initially barren, with many steep slopes. From the beginning, John and Lydia shared a vision for Compton to become a public garden and educational institution one day. Over time, the siblings bought adjacent parcels, including the farm across the street, improved the land, and planted collections of exotic and native trees and shrubs from across the temperate world. They also had walls and other features built and added statuary. They traveled a lot and often were inspired by gardens they visited. John was interested in growing plants from China, including those collected by British plant collector E. H. Wilson around 1900, and many of the plants currently in the arboretum date to Morris’ original plantings. 

John Morris in Flower Walk Trellis, late 1880s. Photo courtesy of the Morris Arboretum archives.
John and Lydia Morris by the Love Temple on Swan Pond, 1908.
Photo courtesy of the Morris Arboretum archives.
Swan Pond with Love Temple, 2023. Photo by Blair Davis.

In addition to all the plants, John added some outbuildings and several distinctive structures to the grounds, including the fernery (now the only remaining freestanding Victorian fernery in North America), a log cabin built as a private retreat for Lydia, and the Mercury Loggia, constructed in 1913 to commemorate the Morrises’ 25th anniversary at Compton. There was also an old springhouse that was there when John and Lydia had purchased the property.

Log Cabin, 1911. Photo courtesy of the Morris Arboretum archives.
The Log Cabin in 2023. Photo by Blair Davis.
Workmen laying rocks in Ravine Garden with the Loggia in the background, 1913.
Photo courtesy of the Morris Arboretum archives.
The Mercury Loggia in 2023. Photo by Blair Davis.
Inside the fernery, 2023. Photo by Blair Davis.

John died in 1915, leaving the estate in trust to Lydia. The plan was for Compton to eventually become a botanical garden and school for horticulturists. Lydia continued to cultivate the grounds until her death in 1932, when she bequeathed the property to the University of Pennsylvania. From then on, it was known as the Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania. The Compton house was used as a research center for many years, but after it began to deteriorate, it was demolished in 1968.

The Morris contains more than 11,000 labeled plants from temperate regions of North America, Asia, and Europe, with a primary focus on Asia. The Morris has identified 17 trees in its collection as outstanding specimens, including a massive katsura tree and a grove of redwoods. Newer additions include a miniature railroad and the Tree Adventure exhibit, which includes the Tree Canopy Walk, a giant bird nest, and a net platform. In 2023, the arboretum changed its name to the Morris Arboretum & Gardens to honor its renewed focus on colorful flower gardens as well as trees. If you haven’t visited, you should!

My parents with a statue of Lydia Morris, 1990.
Me with statues of Lydia and John Morris, 2021.
John Tonkin (head gardener from 1913-1975), with his daughter, Margaret Tonkin Medlar, and wife, Margaret Williams Tonkin, by the Love Temple, 1919. Photo courtesy of the Morris Arboretum archives.
Swan seen through Love Temple, 2023.
Photo by Blair Davis.

Looking Back at 2022: A Year in Photos

Well, 2022 is over! In some ways it went quickly and in other ways not. It was a memorable year, in that I moved back to Philadelphia after 17 years living in California. There’s a lot to enjoy in Philly, and I made the move to be closer to family and old friends, but there have also been a lot of challenges. I am not the sort of person who quickly adapts to new situations, although I do always try to make the best of things when possible. So, even though it’s been 5 months since I moved, I am still getting used to my new life back in PA. With all the changes, I’ve felt optimistic and excited at times and sad, anxious, and homesick for California at other times.

One thing that usually helps me to cope when I am feeling down is to get outside. That has been more challenging for me in Philly (especially now, in the winter) than it was in CA, as I prefer my weather mild and gentle, which is not always the case here. Another thing that often lifts my spirits is taking photos and then editing and sharing them. I was feeling off this weekend, so I spent some of today walking in a beautiful nearby park and taking some shots. Lucky for me, it was 55 degrees and sunny!

Since it is New Year’s Day, I was reflecting on 2022, which made me want to look back on some of the photos I took over the year. So, I am sharing some of my favorites with you! I chose these based on aesthetics, not sentiment, but many of them do give me the warm feels. I hope you enjoy them.

What a Local Snake Taught Me

Garter snake in Manayunk, Philadelphia, PA. Photo by Blair Davis.

I have never loved snakes. I know I’m not alone in that, as many people fear or dislike snakes. I think there is an instinctual reaction that people (and other animals) have to snakes, since some snakes are venomous–it’s a good survival tactic to be cautious around them (although most snakes are not interested in attacking or biting, they just defend themselves if cornered). I also imagine that the Christian connection between the serpent and Satan has created a lot of cultural fear around snakes.

Although I used to be afraid of them, my perspective on snakes has changed over time. I now have more curiosity than fear when I see a snake. I still feel a little discomfort around them, but I also sort of like seeing them–as long as I don’t accidentally step on or touch one! And I am not sure I’d want to hold one.

For some reason, I’ve been thinking a lot about snakes lately. I think one reason may be that some people I know made some social media posts of photos of snakes they saw. Or, maybe it’s just because I am still transitioning from California back to Pennsylvania and thus have been thinking of the different flora and fauna here, including some native snake species like copperheads. So, it was both a surprise and not so much of a surprise when I saw a snake a few days ago.

It was a garter snake–harmless–but still a little shocking, as I encountered it in a residential neighborhood of Philadelphia near me called Manayunk. That area is hilly and has some staircases to get from one street to another in the steeper part of the neighborhood, similar to San Francisco, and I came across the snake on one set of steps. I was startled by it, not expecting to see a snake there. I had been keeping my eyes open for snakes when I was in parks or on trails, where it seemed more likely that snakes would be found. I didn’t think I would see one just slithering about in Manayunk.

After seeing the snake and taking a couple photos of it, I told a friend. He asked me what snakes represent spiritually, so I had to look it up. According to SpiritAnimal.info, snakes represent healing and transformation, often being connected to life force and spiritual energy. It seems fitting that I’d come face to face with a harbinger of transformation and change (and hopefully positive healing and growth) as I continue to adjust to my new life back on the East Coast.

Snakes may also represent unconscious drives and primal instincts: When we see or dream about a snake, we are encouraged to look within and also to pay attention to where we get energy and how we use it. Although I didn’t dream up this particular snake, the fact that I had been “looking for” snakes and paying enough attention to find one (and in an unexpected place!) makes me think that these are messages and questions that I need to ponder right now. I’m not sure yet what they mean, but I will be reflecting on them as I continue to build my new East Coast routines, re-connect with the people I love here, and get to know myself in this new/old context.

The History of Roxborough

Well, a lot has happened since my last post, which was in June. It’s August now, and I have moved from San Francisco to Philadelphia. While Philadelphia is a familiar city for me (I lived here from 1986 to 2005), I am in a neighborhood that I hadn’t known too well. I’m in Roxborough, which is on the northwestern end of the city between the Schuylkill River and the Wissahickon Valley section of Fairmount Park. Roxborough is a no-frills, somewhat family oriented area, although it is adjacent to a smaller neighborhood called Manayunk that is trendy and younger. When I lived in Philly before, I hardly ever came out this way, as I lived in various West Philly and Center City neighborhoods and didn’t own a car; Roxborough/Manayunk is far from Center City, 8 to 9 miles, and thus was not so easily accessible to me back then.

It’s been interesting getting to know this area better. Fortunately for me, I have a few good friends who live nearby, and they have been helpful in acclimating me to Roxborough. It’s not a flashy place, but it has some great things to offer and some interesting history.

Early History

Like much of Philadelphia, Roxborough is OLD. Prior to white settlers, Lenape Indians lived in the area, which was called Manatawna. They created a trail called Manatawny that later became Ridge Road (now Ridge Avenue). By the late 1600s, the area was considered by European settlers to be a prime location for farming and milling. The early population of Roxborough was mostly Germans, who would eventually migrate to “Dutch Country” in southeastern/south-central Pennsylvania, and also English and Scottish people.

In 1690, the area was renamed Roxburgh, likely after Roxburghshire, Scotland, the ancestral home of Andrew Robeson, one of the earliest settlers of the area. By 1707, the name had been changed to Roxborough Township. Before the arrival of railroads, Ridge Avenue, still a main thoroughfare through Roxborough, was a key travel and commerce route, running from Center City Philadelphia, through Roxborough, and beyond.

Levering School, built in 1857. Photo taken in late 1800s-early 1900s.

In the fall and winter of 1777, Roxborough, among other Philadelphia neighborhoods, was the site of bitter battles in the American Revolution. Following the war, Roxborough began to prosper again. Local waterways powered saw mills, paper mills, cotton mills, and more. A dam, canal, and locks were built on the Schuylkill River at Manayunk (a sub-neighborhood of Roxborough that was then called Flat Rock) in the early 1800s, which led to more mills and factories sprouting up.

Stone house at the corner of Henry Avenue and Wises Mill Road, taken in the late 1940s but probably built in the 1800s.

Later History

Manayunk was declared a borough within Roxborough township in 1840 and then declared a separate town in 1847. In 1854, the townships and boroughs in the region became part of the City of Philadelphia. By the mid to late 1800s, farmlands were being converted into residential streets with pretty Victorian homes. The community grew and saw the construction of a hospital in 1890.

Since the 1950s, most of Philadelphia’s major television and FM radio stations have located their transmission towers in Roxborough because of its hilly terrain and high elevation. At night, you can see the towers (near where I live) lit up with red lights. Like many urban neighborhoods, Roxborough declined in the mid to late 1900s but underwent some rebirth in the 1990s and early 2000s. Today, it has a lot of residential areas, some restaurants and other businesses centered on Ridge Avenue, and access to the trendier Main Street of Manayunk and trails and parks to the west (along the Schuylkill River) and east (in the Wissahickon Valley).

Dupont Street, a typical block in residential Roxborough.
Businesses on Ridge Avenue.

Things I Love About Philadelphia

(In no particular order)

  • The Philadelphia Museum of Art
  • All the red brick in the historic neighborhoods
  • Being out on a summer evening with no jacket because it’s still warm
  • Being able to walk from one end of Center City to the other
  • The cultural diversity
  • Isaiah Zagar’s mosiacs and Philadelphia’s Magic Gardens
  • Clark Park and the big trees and historic houses in the surrounding neighborhood
  • All the great restaurants, many of which are very affordable
  • Vedge restaurant
  • Being close to New York City but not being New York City
  • The character of all the different neighborhoods
  • The way people say “wooder ice”
  • Walking along Kelly Drive in Fairmount Park
  • Tiny alleys full of trinity houses
  • The many beautiful murals (and the Mural Arts Program)
  • The Schuylkill River Trail
  • The Roots (and many other wonderful Philly musicians)
  • So many small music venues
  • All the outdoor beer gardens and pop-ups
  • Spruce Street Harbor Park
  • Many memories
  • Great old friends

… and so much more!

Street Art, Part 2: My Photos

After posting earlier today about street art and graffiti, I went down a rabbit hole of looking through some of my photographs. I have always loved documenting murals, street art, and graffiti. Living in Philadelphia from 1986 to 2005 (and visiting frequently since I moved away), I got a lot of chances to photograph public art. Philly has a wonderful organization called Mural Arts Philadelphia, which was founded in 1984 as part of the Philadelphia Anti-Graffiti Network. Artist Jane Golden set out to find local graffiti artists and redirect their talents from underground, illegal graffiti to sanctioned public murals. Philadelphia Mural Arts Advocates became a private nonprofit organization in 1997. The program is currently one of the largest employers of artists in Philadelphia, hiring more than 300 artists each year, including more than 100 people prosecuted for illegal graffiti. The program has created close to 4000 murals since 1984.

Here are some of my photos of murals and street art in Philly, in my current hometown of Santa Cruz, CA, and elsewhere, from 2002 to 2017.